Vladimir Nabokov - Biography, Date of Birth, Place of Birth, Filmography (Read)

Vladimir Nabokov - biography, date of birth, place of birth, filmography, clips, screenwriter.

April 23, 1899, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire (Russia) - July 2, 1977, Montreux, Switzerland - Russian and American writer, poet, translator, literary critic and entomologist.

The Nabokov family used three languages: Russian, English, and French - thus, the future writer was fluent in three languages ??from early childhood. By his own words, he learned to read English before Russian.

The first years of Nabokov's life were spent in comfort and prosperity in the Nabokovs' house on Bolshaya Morskaya in St. Petersburg and in their country estate Batovo (near Gatchina). He began his education at the Tenishevsky School in St. Petersburg, where Osip Mandelstam had studied shortly before. Literature and entomology became Nabokov's two main passions.

Not long before the revolution, with his own money, Nabokov published a collection of his poems. The 1917 revolution forced the Nabokovs to move to Crimea, and then, in 1919, emigrate from Russia. They managed to take some of the family jewels with them, and with this money the Nabokov family lived in Berlin, while Vladimir was educated in Cambridge, where he continues to write Russian poetry and translate into Russian "Alice in Wonderland" by L. Carroll.

In March 1922, Vladimir Nabokov's father, Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov, was killed. This happened at a lecture by PN Milyukov "America and the restoration of Russia" in the building of the Berlin Philharmonic. VD Nabokov tried to neutralize the radical who shot at Milyukov, but was shot by his partner.

Since 1922, Nabokov has become part of the Russian diaspora in Berlin, earning his living by teaching English. Nabokov's stories are published in Berlin newspapers and publishing houses organized by Russian emigres.

In 1927, Nabokov married Vera Slonim and completed his first novel, Mashenka. After that, until 1937, he creates 8 novels in Russian, continuously complicating his author's style and more and more boldly experimenting with form. Nabokov's novels, which were not published in Soviet Russia, were successful among the Western emigration, and are now considered masterpieces of Russian literature (especially "Luzhin's Defense", "Gift", "Invitation to Execution"). The policy of the Nazi authorities in Germany in the late 30s put an end to the Russian diaspora in Berlin. Nabokov's life with his Jewish wife in Germany became impossible, and the Nabokov family moved to Paris, and with the outbreak of World War II they emigrated to the United States. With the disappearance of the Russian diaspora in Europe, Nabokov finally lost his Russian-speaking reader, and the only opportunity to continue creativity was the transition to English. Nabokov wrote his first novel in English ("The Real Life of Sebastian Knight") back in Europe, shortly before leaving for the United States, from 1937 until the end of his days, Nabokov did not write a single novel in Russian (except for the autobiography "Others shores "and the author's translation of" Lolita "into Russian).

In America, from 1940 to 1958, Nabokov earned a living by lecturing on Russian and world literature at American universities.

His first English-language novels (The Real Life of Sebastian Knight, Bend Sinister, Pnin), despite their artistic merit, did not have commercial success. During this period, Nabokov closely converges with E. Wilson and other literary scholars, and continues to professionally engage in entomology. Traveling on vacations in the United States, Nabokov is working on the novel "Lolita", the theme of which (the story of a grown man passionately carried away by a twelve-year-old girl) was unthinkable for his time, as a result of which the writer had little hope of publishing the novel. However, the novel was published (first in Europe, then in America) and quickly brought its author worldwide fame and financial well-being. It is interesting that the original novel, as described by Nabokov himself, was published in the notorious Olympia publishing house, which, as he realized after publication, produced mainly "semi-pornographic" and related novels.

Nabokov returns to Europe and has been living in Montreux, Switzerland since 1960, where he creates his last novels, the most famous of which are Pale Fire and Hell.

In 1967, Nabokov received his first letter from the Soviet Union. It was sent by 25-year-old Alexander Goryanin to the address of a New York publishing house and amazed the writer. It was a letter from the READER - about "Dar" ... Several letters were later forwarded by Radio Liberty.

Since 1969, Elena Vladimirovna, sister of Nabokov, went to Leningrad as a tourist. In 1977, Bella Akhmadulina met with Nabokov. Sergei Ilyin, Goryanin, Mikhail Meilakh translated his novels from English without any hope of publishing them. 1974 - the peak of Nabokov's political activity.

In May 1974 he publishes an appeal in defense of Vladimir Bukovsky. In December, at the request of Karl Proffer, he sends a telegram to the Leningrad branch of the Writers' Union in defense of Vladimir Maramzin. In the fall, he meets for the first time with Viktor Nekrasov and Vladimir Maksimov, who left the Soviet Union. On October 6 of the same year, due to a misunderstanding, his historic "non-meeting" with Solzhenitsyn, who in 1972 turned to the Nobel Committee with a request to consider Nabokov's candidacy, took place.

Throughout the 1970s, the Nabokovs systematically sent money to dissidents and their families through the Proffers. Especially poignant is the last letter from Vera Nabokova, inviting the Proffers to take the clothes of the deceased husband for the dissidents ...

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Author: Jane Watson