Mark Donskoy - Biography, Date of Birth, Place of Birth, Filmography (Read)

Mark Donskoy - biography, date of birth, place of birth, filmography, clips.
March 6, 1901, Odessa - March 21, 1981, Moscow.
Soviet director, screenwriter. People's Artist of the USSR (01.12.1966), Hero of Socialist Labor (1971) .
Mark Semenovich was born into a poor Jewish family. As a child, he had two hobbies: sports and theater. He graduated from the legal department of Simferopol University, worked as a lawyer, was a professional athlete, published a collection of stories.
During the Civil War, he served in the Red Army, was held captive by whites for ten months. Demobilized, he studied psychology and psychiatry at the Crimean medical school. But he did not become a doctor. In 1921-1925 he studied at the legal department of the Faculty of Social Sciences of Simferopol University, while working in the investigative bodies, the Supreme Court of Ukraine, the college of defenders. Mark wrote a book of stories from his life called "Prisoners" (1925). The book was a success, but Donskoy was already interested in sports: shooting, football, and then boxing. His path to cinema began with the script "The Last Stronghold" - from the history of the Crimean underground. Mark brought his script to Moscow, and they immediately bought it. Donskoy worked for six years at the Leningrad Film Studio - first as an assistant director and editing assistant, then filming on his own. Together with MA Averbakh, he directed the films In the Big City (1928) and The Price of a Man (1929), in the spirit of his time, aimed at combating the philistine influence of the NEP on young people. Then Donskoy made several films on his own - "Dude" (1929), "Alien Coast" (1930), "Fire" (1931). But he attracted attention to himself with the painting "Song of Happiness" (1934, with V.G. Legoshin) about the talented Mari youth, who only under Soviet rule had the opportunity to engage in creative work. In this film, Donskoy discovered his ability to romantically and poetically raise everyday stories, gained a reputation as a specialist in filming films from the life of the national outskirts. He later confirmed this reputation in the films Romantics (1941, co-written by TZ Semushkin) and Alitet Goes to the Mountains (1950, based on the novel by Semushkin) .
In the pre-war years, Donskoy created a trilogy based on the autobiographical works of Maxim Gorky: Gorky's Childhood (1938), In People (1939) - for both films Stalin Prize for 1941, and My Universities (1940). These films have immortalized the name of Donskoy in the history of world cinema. In the trilogy, original human characters were embodied, the poetic beginning was combined with colorful everyday scenes, subtle observations of life. The Italian neorealists revered Donskoy as their predecessor and believed that it was from him that they learned the poeticization of everyday life, the sudden transition from everyday life to the heights of romantic perception of reality. During the Great Patriotic War, Donskoy shot films overwhelmed with emotions "How the Steel Was Tempered" (1942, after N.A. Ostrovsky), "Rainbow" (1944, based on the story by V.L. 1946) and "The Unconquered" (1945, based on the story by B. L. Gorbatov, prize at the Venice Film Festival in 1946). These films strengthened Donskoy's reputation as an outstanding filmmaker, but more abroad than at home. The director achieved the greatest rolling success in the USSR with the film "Rural Teacher" (1947, Stalin Prize for 1948), dedicated to the selfless labor of a Russian intellectual in the countryside (in the main role Vera Maretskaya). In the 1950s, Donskoy returned to Gorky's prose, creating a version of Mother (1956) and the drama Foma Gordeev (1959, 1960 Locarno Film Festival prize) .
Together with zhna, screenwriter Irina, Donskoy wrote a script based on the stories of Kotsyubinsky. The film adaptation “At a High Price” (1958), which showed the figurative world of Hutsul peasants, rich in poetic legends, imbued with condensed metaphor, was a true revelation. Completely unappreciated at home, this painting, titled "The Weeping Horse", was enthusiastically received in France.
In the 1960s, Donskoy turned to a win-win theme, filming ZI Voskresenskaya's novellas about Lenin: Mother's Heart (1966, State Prize for 1968) and Mother's Loyalty (1967). These films are distinguished by restraint of feelings and political accents. In 1973 the director filmed the story of the acquaintance and marriage of V. I. Lenin and N. K. Krupskaya in the film Hope. But this picture, like the last film by Donskoy, "The Orlovs Spouses" (1978, according to Gorky's early stories) did not win any success. March 6, 1980 Mark Donskoy turned eighty years old, and two weeks later, on March 21, he was gone. The film by Yu. A. Shvyrev and G. N. Chukhrai "I will teach you to dream ..." (1985) was dedicated to the work of Donskoy.

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Author: Jane Watson